A recent paper published by the scientists from Stanford and New York University Langone Medical Center described how microcirculatory beds such as afferent artery, capillary beds, efferent vein, and surrounding parenchymal tissue can be manipulated as bioscaffolds for tissue engineering. The team led by Edward Chang developed novel bioscaffolds using autologous explanted microcirculatory beds (EMBs) for generating tissue in a 3D environment. Multipotent adult progenitor cells (MAPCs), and bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) and adipose tissue derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were seeded in these novel scaffolds. All the stem cells formed proliferative structures suggesting that such technology can have wide scale applications in the future. All humans possess microcirculatory beds known as microvascular free flaps consisting of skin, adipose, muscle and bone. They possess single afferent artery and efferent vein and are employed regularly to reconstruct congenital defects in the body.
The first step towards the success of this experiment was being able to maintain the free flaps in -vitro. For this a piece of tissue rich in blood vessels, skin and adipose was was extracted from the groin area of rats and maintained in a bioreactor. It was regularly supplied with essential nutrients and oxygen. This free flap was then seeded with stem cells and then reimplanted in a recipient rat. On reimplantation the graft was not rejected and the active proliferation of stem cells was also exhibited through BrdU incorporation. The stem cells are capable of forming an organ around the transplanted tissue but such a technique can have huge pharmacological applications if the stem cells are engineered to express specific proteins which can be used for treatment of various disorders.
Journal Reference:- http://www.fasebj.org/cgi/content/abstract/23/3/906
The first step towards the success of this experiment was being able to maintain the free flaps in -vitro. For this a piece of tissue rich in blood vessels, skin and adipose was was extracted from the groin area of rats and maintained in a bioreactor. It was regularly supplied with essential nutrients and oxygen. This free flap was then seeded with stem cells and then reimplanted in a recipient rat. On reimplantation the graft was not rejected and the active proliferation of stem cells was also exhibited through BrdU incorporation. The stem cells are capable of forming an organ around the transplanted tissue but such a technique can have huge pharmacological applications if the stem cells are engineered to express specific proteins which can be used for treatment of various disorders.
Journal Reference:- http://www.fasebj.org/cgi/content/abstract/23/3/906
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